| ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ | ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠳᠡᠶᠢᠯᠬᠦ ᠡᠮᠡ ᠬᠤᠨᠢ ᠶᠢ 30 ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ | ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ︵ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ︶᠂ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ | ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠯᠤᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠤᠨᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠯᠤᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ | ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢ 14.5 ᠮᠢᠺᠷᠤᠮᠧᠲ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠮᠠᠯ | ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠶ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ | ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ | ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ 1600 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ 3000 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠦᠨᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠷᠡ | ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ 5 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠤᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ | 1. ᠬᠤᠴᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠃ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠶ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ︔ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠯ | ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠢ | ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠶ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠳᠡᠶᠢᠯᠬᠦ ᠡᠮᠡ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ | ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠩᠰᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ︔ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ | ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ | 2. ᠠᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠃ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠨ | ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠶ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ︔ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ | ᠭᠤᠤᠷᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠶ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠰᠠ ᠡᠪᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ︾ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ | ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ | ᠬᠤᠴᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠄ ᠬᠤᠴᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠳᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠰᠠ ᠡᠪᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯ︔ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ | ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠮᠯᠡᠯ︔ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠦᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ︔ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠮᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠃ | ᠠᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠄ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠶ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠳᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ᠂ ᠳᠡᠩᠰᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠳᠡᠩᠰᠡᠯᠡᠨ | ᠺᠠᠷᠳ᠋ᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ | ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡ᠂ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ | ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ︵ᠭᠥᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠭ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠲᠠᠢ︶᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ | ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠰᠠ ᠡᠪᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ |